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This paper aims at describing various phonological aspects of alphabet-related words (initialism, initialism compounds, abbreviated names) in Danish. It is to be claimed that overall sound patterns of the alphabet-related words, that is stress pattern, vowel quantity and the presence or absence of stød of each letter, can in principle be determined solely by the following information: the number of letters and their types or phonological characteristics.
As an Eskimo language, West Greenlandic has a rich verbal morphology: The prototypical verb is marked for one of eight moods and subjective (intransitive verb) or agentive and objective (transitive verb). The mood markers constrain the occurrence of following person markers, which are in turn dependent on each other and frequently amalgamated into portmanteaus, leading to a synchronically highly irregular system.
In this paper I introduce some recent analogies in this system which are not yet described in the literature, specifically analogical transfer in the monopersonal contemporative mood and analogical levelling in the complex subordinate moods (causative, habitual and conditional) and the interrogative. In the conclusion I make some observations regarding which kind of language model the data support and which not.
This article deals with the sProsnang dialect, one of the Twenty-four-villages' patois, Khams Tibetan, spoken in Zhonglu village, Danba County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan. This dialect possesses /r/ as a glide which is part of the consonant cluster, a rare phenomenon among the Tibetan dialects. First, the words with the /r/ glide are listed and compared with Written Tibetan. This shows that some words correspond to ra-tags in Written Tibetan, while others are of different origins. In addition, the word forms of the sProsnang dialect are characterized in comparison with other dialects which have the /r/ glide.
Aspirated consonants (Ch)in Cherokee interact in various ways with Laryngeal Alternation and Laryngeal Metathesis. On the grounds of such interactions, I will claim the following three points. First, I will show, as opposed to Munro's (1966) view, that it is not necessary to assume that phonologization of aspirated consonants is taking place in Cherokee; rather, these behavioral differences are based on whether the relevant Ch cluster is preceded by /h/ or not. My second argument, following naturally from my first claim, is that, as opposed to Scancarelli (1987: 26-27), Cherokee aspirated stops are not necessarily preceded by /h/. My third claim concerns aspirated resonants: although Oklahoma Cherokee has been claimed not to distinguish between resonants preseded by /h/ (hR) and those followed by /h/ (Rh), I claim that they should be treated as distinct on the phonological level.
This paper mainly deals with morphology of adjectives and verbs of the Salibabu dialect of the Talaud language, although phonetics, phonology, and morpho-phonology of the language are briefly given. Talaud is spoken in the Northern Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Like many other Austronesian languages, Talaud adjectives and verbs apparently have similar morphological characteristics, but in the present discussion it is shown that the two word classes can be distinguished according to the possibilities of affixation. Verbs take many affixes which show aspect and/or voice. Reduplication also plays a large role in the paradigms of adjectives and verbs.
The first people to record the Ibuki-jima dialect were S. Senoo and M. Wada, who made brief presentations and papers about it. Y. Nakai (2001) has made a detailed transcription of that recorded material. In the present paper the author makes some comments on the data from the oldest consultant, along with new data from two other consultants. Some points of the accent survey based on the recorded material are also discussed.
The present paper tries to get a perspective of the so-called tough-sentence in Japanese, whose predicate verbs has the suffix of difficulty/facility such as -yasui. The first section defines what is regarded as tough-sentences in this paper, and proposes two polar types of tough-sentences: tough-sentences of capability and tough-sentences of occurrence. The second section discusses semantic/syntactic characteristics of tough-sentences of capability, and the third section discusses those of tough-sentences of occurrence. The fourth section deals with some types of tough-sentences which are regarded as osculant or hybrid of two polar types, and examines the continuity and commonality of the two. Fianlly, the fifth section tries to depict the overall picture of tough-sentences.
The system of pictographic kaida characters was used for various forms of recordkeeping, particularly recording of tax payments by residents, in the Yaeyama islands of Okinawa from the period of Satsuma subjugation until the early 20th century, when mandatory Japanese-language education brought the Common Japanese writing sustem to Okinawa.
In the absence of the complete record of this writing, the present dictionary is compiled, while a few persons with the first-hand knowledge are still alive, in the hope that it will contribute to the preservation of the language and culture of the Yaeyama islands.
This is the first in the series of reports on accentual surveys of nouns in the Samcheok dialect of Gangwon prefecture. A list of 1128 words is presented with particular reference to prosodemes of the present-day Samcheok dialect and Middle Korean (from the middle of the 15th century to the end of the 16th century) for each item.
A folk tale text of Tsat (Huihui) is presented. It was collected during my fieldwork from March to June 2002 and from February to March 2006. The text consists of the phonological transcription, annotated with grammatical glosses and translations. In addition, some characteristics of the language observed in the text are mentioned with special reference to similarities and differences with Chinese.
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